The implementation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) promises a broad variety of potential benefits within Supply Chain Management (SCM). The CPS concept has moreover already reached practical application inside supply chains and other operational processes and economic practice therefore seems to be still ahead of the more theory-oriented scientific community. Nevertheless, a certain ambiguity surrounding this terminology remains. This paper delivers a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, concept-centric literature review on CPS-related research resulting in a scientifically elaborated, generic definition for CPS. It furthermore clarifies the practical relevance of CPS by conducting focus group workshops and thereby linking technologies, applications, as well as objectives of an enhanced SCM to each another. It finally presents an outline of potential directions for future research.