Hopf, KonstantinKonstantinHopf0000-0002-5452-0672Müller, OliverOliverMüllerShollo, ArisaArisaSholloThiess, TiemoTiemoThiess2023-09-272023-09-2720230008-12562162-8564https://fis.uni-bamberg.de/handle/uniba/91048Recent years have brought major technological breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI), and firms are expected to invest nearly $98 B in 2023. However, many AI projects never leave the pilot phase, and many companies have difficulties extracting value from their AI initiatives. To explain this contradiction, this article reports on a study of 55 projects implementing AI in organizations. It shows that organizational challenges in implementing AI projects are a result of a paradoxical tension created by two different perspectives on data science work: craft and mechanical work. Executives, managers, and data scientists should actively manage this tension to enable and sustain value creation through AI.engArtificial IntelligenceValue CreationOrganizationWorkplaceImplementing Innovation330004article10.1177/00081256231197445